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Mailing Lists 
Mailman Information

 Frequently  Asked Questions (FAQ)

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 Yellow  GNU Mailman - List Member Manual
This document describes the list member interface for GNU Mailman 2.1. It contains instructions for subscribing, unsubscribing, viewing the archives, editing user options, getting password reminders, and other subscriber-level tasks. It also answers some common questions of interest to Mailman list members.
1 Introduction

This document is intended to help the members of a Mailman 2.1 mailing list learn to use the features available to them. It covers the use of the web and email interfaces for subscribing and unsubscribing, changing member options, getting password reminders and other subscriber-level tasks. It also answers some common questions of interest to Mailman list members.

Information for list and site administrators is provided in other documents.

This document need not be read in order. If you are simply looking for an answer to a specific question, jump to the appropriate place and references to other sections will be provided if necessary or potentially helpful.

Note: For the purposes of this document, we assume that the reader is familiar with common terms related to email (eg: Subject line, body of the message) and web sites (eg: drop-down box, button) or can look them up. We also assume that the reader can already use his or her email program and web browser well enough that instructions such as "send email to this address" or "visit this web page" or "fill in the form provided" are clear. If you are not familiar with these actions, you may want to consult other documentation to learn how to do these things with your particular setup.
 

Sections of this document have been borrowed from the List Administrator Manual found in Mailman CVS, which was written by Barry A. Warsaw, and from the in-line help for Mailman 2.1.

The rest of this manual has been written by Terri Oda. Terri has been maintaining mailing lists since the year she attained voting age in Canada, although the two are not related. She currently oversees the mailing lists at Linuxchix.org, as well as several smaller servers. In the world outside of list administration, Terri is doing work with an artificial life spam detector, and is actually more of a programmer than technical writer.

Proofreading thanks go to Margaret McCarthy and Jason Walton.
1.2    What is a mailing list?

A mailing list is simply a list of addresses to which the same information is being sent. If you were a magazine publisher, you would have a list of the mailing addresses of all the subscribers to the magazine. In the case of an electronic mailing list, we use a list of email addresses from people interested in hearing about or discussing a given topic.

Two common types of email mailing lists are announcement lists and discussion lists.

Announcement lists are are used so that one person or group can send announcements to a group of people, much like a magazine publisher's mailing list is used to send out magazines. For example, a band may use a mailing list to let their fan base know about their upcoming concerts.

A discussion list is used to allow a group of people to discuss topics amongst themselves, with everyone able to send mail to the list and have it distributed to everyone in the group. This discussion may also be moderated, so only selected posts are sent on to the group as a whole, or only certain people are allowed to send to the group. For example, a group of model plane enthusiasts might use a mailing list to share tips about model construction and flying.

Some common terms:

  • A "post" typically denotes a message sent to a mailing list. (Think of posting a message on a bulletin board.)
  • People who are part of an electronic mailing list are usually called the list's "members" or "subscribers."
  • "List administrators" are the people in charge of maintaining that one list. Lists may have one or more administrators.
  • A list may also have people in charge of reading posts and deciding if they should be sent on to all subscribers. These people are called list moderators.
  • Often more than one electronic mailing list will be run using the same piece of software. The person who maintains the software which runs the lists is called the "site administrator." Often the site administrator also administrates individual lists.
    1.3 GNU Mailman

    GNU Mailman is software that lets you manage electronic mailing lists. It supports a wide range of mailing list types, such as general discussion lists and announce-only lists. Mailman has extensive features which make it good for list subscribers, such as easy subscription and unsubscription, privacy options, and the ability to temporarily stop getting posts from the list. The list member features are covered in this document.

    Mailman also has many features which make it attractive to list and site administrators. These features are covered in the list and site administrator manuals.

2 Translating from our examples to real lists

Often, it's easier to simply give an example than explain exactly how to find the address for your specific list. As such, we'll frequently give examples for a fictional list called whose list information page can be found at http://WEBSERVER/mailman/listinfo/LISTNAME.

Neither of these are real addresses, but they show the form of a typical list address. The capital letters used for the list-specific parts of each address should make it easier to see what should be changed for each list. Although specific list configurations may be different, you will probably be able to just replace the words given in capital letters with the appropriate values for a real list:

LISTNAME
The name of your list.
DOMAIN
The name of the mail server which handles that list.
WEBSERVER
The name of the web server which handles the list web interface. This may be the same as DOMAIN, and often refers to the same machine, but does not have to be identical.

As a real-life example, if you are interested in the mailman-users list, you'd make the following substitutions: LISTNAME=mailman-users, DOMAIN=python.org, WEBSERVER=mail.python.org. As such, for the mailing list, the list information page can be found at the URL http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/mailman-users. (These, unlike most of the examples given in this document, are real addresses.)

Most lists will have this information stored in the List-*: headers. Many mail programs will hide these by default, so you may have to choose to view full headers before you can see these informational headers.
 

  • 3 Mailman's interfaces

    Mailman has two different interfaces for the list subscriber: the web interface and the email interface. Most discussion list subscribers use the email interface, since this includes the email address you use to send mail to all the subscribers of that list.

    The interface you use for changing options is largely a matter of preference, since most (but not all) of the options which can be changed from the web interface can also be changed by email. Usually it is easier to use the web interface for changing options, since the web interface provides instructions as you go, but there are times when people may prefer the email interface, so both are provided.

3.1 The web interface

The web interface of Mailman is its selling point for many administrators, since it makes it much easier for subscribers and administrators to see which options are available, and what these options do.

Every mailing list is also accessible by a number of web pages. Note that the exact URLs are configurable by the site administrator, so they may be different than what's described below. We'll describe the most common configuration, but check with your site administrator or hosting service for details.

 

List information (listinfo) page
Member options page
  • Usually found at http://WEBSERVER/mailman/options/LISTNAME/EMAIL (For example, http://lists.example.com/mailman/options/mylist/kathy@here.com)

     

  • This page can also be accessed by going to the listinfo page and entering your email address into the box beside the button marked "Unsubscribe or Edit Options" (this is near the bottom of the page).

     

  • The member options page allows you to log in/out and change your list settings, as well as unsubscribe or get a copy of your password mailed to you.

     

  • To log in to your member options page: If you are not already logged in, there will be a box near the top for you to enter your password. (If you do not know your password, see Section 6.1 for more information on getting your password.) Enter your password in the box and press the button.

     

  • Once you are logged in, you will be able to view and change all your list settings.
List Archives
  • Usually found at http://WEBSERVER/pipermail/LISTNAME if the list is publicly archived, and http://WEBSERVER/mailman/private/LISTNAME if the list is privately archives. (For example, http://lists.example.com/pipermail/mylist or http://lists.example.com/mailman/private/mylist)

     

  • The list archive pages have copies of the posts sent to the mailing list, usually grouped by month. In each monthly group, the posts are usually indexed by author, date, thread, and subject.

     

    •
  • Note: Pipermail is the name of the default archiver that comes with Mailman. Other archive programs are available.

     

  • If the archive is private, you will need to supply your subscribed email address and your password to log in. (See Section 6.1 for more information on getting your password.)

  • 3.2 The email interface

    Every mailing list has a set of email addresses to which messages can be sent. There's always one address for posting messages to the list, one address to which bounces are sent, and addresses for processing email commands. For a fictional mailing list called , you'd find these addresses:

     

    • - this is the email address people should use for new postings to the list.

       

    • - by sending a message to this address, a new member can request subscription to the list. Both the Subject: header and body of such a message are ignored. Note that mylist-subscribe@example.com is an alias for the -join address.

       

    • - by sending a message to this address, a member can request unsubscription from the list. As with the -join address, the Subject: header and body of the message is ignored. Note that mylist-unsubscribe@example.com is an alias for the -leave address.

       

    • - This address reaches the list owner and list moderators directly. This is the address you use if you need to contact the person or people in charge.

       

    • - This address reaches a mail robot which processes email commands that can be used to set member subscription options, as well as process other commands. A list of members' email commands is provided in Appendix A.

       

    • - This address receives bounces from members whose addresses have become either temporarily or permanently inactive. The -bounces address is also a mail robot that processes bounces and automatically disables or removes members as configured in the bounce processing settings. Any bounce messages that are either unrecognized, or do not seem to contain member addresses, are forwarded to the list administrators.

       

    • - This address is another email robot, which processes confirmation messages for subscription and unsubscription requests.

    There's also an -admin address which also reaches the list administrators, but this address only exists for compatibility with older versions of Mailman.

    For changing options, we use the address (for example, ).

    Commands can appear in the subject line or the body of the message. Each command should be on a separate line. If your mail program automatically appends a signature to your messages, you may want to put the word "end" (without the quotes) on a separate line after your other commands. The end command tells Mailman not to process the email after that point.

    The most important command is probably the "help" command, since it makes Mailman return a message full of useful information about the email commands and directions to the web interface.

    Quick references to the subscriber commands have been provided in Appendices A and B. (These have been slightly adapted from the output of the help command.)

4 I need to talk to a human!

If you have any trouble with any of these commands, you can always reach the person or people in charge of a list by using the list administrator email address. The list administrators can help you figure out how to do something, subscribe/unsubscribe you, or change your settings if you are unable to change them yourself for some reason. Please remember that many mailing list administrators are volunteers who are donating their spare time to run the list, and they may be very busy people.

This list administrator email address is in the form , where LISTNAME is the name of the list (eg: mailman-users) and DOMAIN is the name of the server (eg: python.org). This email address, along with the email addresses of specific administrators, is given on the bottom of the list information pages. See Section 3.1 for more information on finding the list information page for your list

5 Subscribing and unsubscribing

Since subscribing (joining) and unsubscribing (leaving) lists are often the only things a list member needs to know, these can both be done without requiring you to know a password.

Subsections

5.1 How do I join a list? (subscribe)

There are two common ways you can subscribe to a Mailman mailing list.

Using the web interface:

  1. Go to the list information page for the list you want to join. (This will probably be something like http://WEBSERVER/mailman/listinfo/LISTNAME)
  2. Look for the section marked "Subscribing to LISTNAME" and fill in the boxes. You can fill in the following:
    • You must enter your email address.
    • You may choose to supply your real name.
    • You may choose a password. If you do not choose one, Mailman will generate one for you.

      Warning: Do NOT use a valuable password, since this password may be mailed to you in plain text.

    • If the list supports more than one language, you may be able to choose your preferred language. Note: This setting does not affect posts to the list, only pre-prepared Mailman texts such as your member options page.
  3. Press the subscribe button. A new page should appear telling you that your request has been sent.

Using the email interface:

  1. Open a mail program which sends mail from the address you want to subscribe.
  2. Send a mail to the list subscription address, which will be in the form . The subject and body of the message will be ignored, so it doesn't matter what you put there.

After following one of these sets of instructions (you don't need to do both!), there are a few possible outcomes depending upon the settings for that list.

  • You may receive an email message asking for confirmation that you really want to be subscribed to the list. This is to prevent anyone from subscribing you to lists without your permission. Follow the instructions given in the message to confirm your wish to be subscribed.
  • A moderator may also need to confirm your subscription if you are subscribing to a limited list.
  • Or you may have to wait for a moderator and follow the instructions in the confirmation mail.

Once this is done, you will likely receive another message welcoming you to the list. This message contains some useful information including your list password and some quick links for changing your options, so you may want to save it for later reference.

Note: Subscribing can be done in other ways as well. See Appendix A for more advanced email subscribing commands.

5.2 How do I leave a list? (unsubscribe)

Don't want to be on a list any more? If you're just going on vacation or are too busy to read mails and want to temporarily turn them off, you may want to stop mail delivery rather than unsubscribing. This means you keep your password and other settings so you can, for example, still have access to private list archives. If this is what you'd prefer, see Section 7.1 for instructions on disabling mail delivery temporarily.

If you actually want to leave the list, there are two common ways you can unsubscribe from a Mailman mailing list.

Using the web interface:

  1. Go to the list information page for the list you want to leave. (This will probably be something like http://WEBSERVER/mailman/listinfo/LISTNAME)
  2. Look for the section marked "LISTNAME subscribers" (usually found near the bottom of the page).
  3. There should be a button marked "Unsubscribe or Edit Options." Enter your email address in the box beside this button and press the button.
  4. You should be brought to a new page which has an "Unsubscribe" button. Press it to unsubscribe and follow the instructions given.

Using the email interface:

  1. Open a mail program which sends mail from the address you want to unsubscribe.
  2. Send a mail to the list unsubscribe address, which will be of the form . The subject and body of this message will be ignored, so it doesn't matter what you put there.

After following one of these sets of instructions (you don't need to do both!), you will be sent a confirmation mail and must follow the instructions given in that mail to complete the unsubscription. This is to stop people from unsubscribing you without your permission. In addition, a moderator may need to approve your unsubscription.

If you do not receive this confirmation mail with instructions, make sure that you typed your email address correctly (if you were using the web interface to unsubscribe) and that the address you tried to unsubscribe is, indeed, actually subscribed to that list. For security reasons, Mailman generates the same member options page regardless of whether the address entered is subscribed or not. This means that people cannot use this part of the web interface to find out if someone is subscribed to the list, but it also means that it's hard to tell if you just made a typo.

Once your unsubscription has been processed, you will will probably receive another message confirming your unsubscription from the list, and at that point you should stop receiving messages.

If you wish to skip the confirmation process (for example, you might be unsubscribing an address which no longer works), it is possible to bypass it by using your password instead and either logging in to your options page using it (See Section 3.1), or sending it with your email commands to LISTNAME-request (See Appendix A for advanced email unsubscription commands). See Section 6.1 for more information on getting your password.

5.2 How do I leave a list? (unsubscribe)

Don't want to be on a list any more? If you're just going on vacation or are too busy to read mails and want to temporarily turn them off, you may want to stop mail delivery rather than unsubscribing. This means you keep your password and other settings so you can, for example, still have access to private list archives. If this is what you'd prefer, see Section 7.1 for instructions on disabling mail delivery temporarily.

If you actually want to leave the list, there are two common ways you can unsubscribe from a Mailman mailing list.

Using the web interface:

  1. Go to the list information page for the list you want to leave. (This will probably be something like http://WEBSERVER/mailman/listinfo/LISTNAME)
  2. Look for the section marked "LISTNAME subscribers" (usually found near the bottom of the page).
  3. There should be a button marked "Unsubscribe or Edit Options." Enter your email address in the box beside this button and press the button.
  4. You should be brought to a new page which has an "Unsubscribe" button. Press it to unsubscribe and follow the instructions given.

Using the email interface:

  1. Open a mail program which sends mail from the address you want to unsubscribe.
  2. Send a mail to the list unsubscribe address, which will be of the form . The subject and body of this message will be ignored, so it doesn't matter what you put there.

After following one of these sets of instructions (you don't need to do both!), you will be sent a confirmation mail and must follow the instructions given in that mail to complete the unsubscription. This is to stop people from unsubscribing you without your permission. In addition, a moderator may need to approve your unsubscription.

If you do not receive this confirmation mail with instructions, make sure that you typed your email address correctly (if you were using the web interface to unsubscribe) and that the address you tried to unsubscribe is, indeed, actually subscribed to that list. For security reasons, Mailman generates the same member options page regardless of whether the address entered is subscribed or not. This means that people cannot use this part of the web interface to find out if someone is subscribed to the list, but it also means that it's hard to tell if you just made a typo.

Once your unsubscription has been processed, you will will probably receive another message confirming your unsubscription from the list, and at that point you should stop receiving messages.

If you wish to skip the confirmation process (for example, you might be unsubscribing an address which no longer works), it is possible to bypass it by using your password instead and either logging in to your options page using it (See Section 3.1), or sending it with your email commands to LISTNAME-request (See Appendix A for advanced email unsubscription commands). See Section 6.1 for more information on getting your password.

6 Passwords

Your password was either set by you or generated by Mailman when you subscribed. You probably got a copy of it in a welcome message sent when you joined the list, and you may also receive a reminder of it every month. It is used to verify your identity to Mailman so that only the holder of the password (you!) and the administrators can view and change your settings.

Warning: Do NOT use a valuable password for Mailman, since it can be sent in plain text to you.

  • 6.1 How do I get my password?

    If you've forgotten your password and haven't saved the welcome message or any reminder messages, you can always get a reminder through the web interface:

     

    1. Go to the list information page for the list from which you wish to get your password (This will probably be something like http://WEBSERVER/mailman/listinfo/LISTNAME)
    2. Look for the section marked "LISTNAME subscribers" (this section is usually found near the bottom of the page).
    3. There should be a button marked "Unsubscribe or Edit Options." Enter your email address in the box beside this button and press the button.
    4. You should be brought to a new page which has an "Password Reminder" section. Press the "Remind" button to have your password emailed to you.

    If you do not receive the password reminder email after doing this, make sure that you typed your email address correctly and that the address you used is, indeed, actually subscribed to that list. For security reasons, Mailman generates the same member options page regardless of whether the address entered is subscribed or not. This means that people cannot use this part of the web interface to find out if someone is subscribed to the list, but it also means that it's hard to tell if you just made a typo.

    You can also get a reminder using the email interface,

    1. Send a mail to with the command password

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

      If you are not sending mail from your subscribed address, you can also specify this address by sending the command password address=$<$ADDRESS$>$.

  • 6.2 How do I change my password?

    Warning: Do NOT use a valuable password, since this password may be mailed to you in plain text.

    From the web interface:

    1. Log in to your member options page. (See Section 3.1 for instructions on how to do this.)

       

    2. Look for the password changing boxes on the right-hand side of the page and enter your new password in the appropriate boxes, then press the button marked "Change My Password."

    This can also be changed for multiple lists at the same time if you are subscribed to more than one list on the same domain. See Section 10.1 for information about changing settings globally.

    From the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command password $<$OLDPASSWORD$>$ $<$NEWPASSWORD$>$.

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

      If you are not sending mail from your membership address, you can also specify this address with address=$<$ADDRESS$>$ after $<$NEWPASSWORD$>$.

      For example, if wanted to change her mylist password from zirc to miko, but she was sending mail from her work address , she could send a message to with the subject set to password zirc miko address=kathy@here.com.

  • 6.3 How do I turn password reminders on or off? (reminders option)

    If you don't wish to the reminder email including your password every month, you can disable it from the member options page. (You can always get the password mailed out when you actually want it. See Section 6.1 for instructions.)

    Using the web interface:

    1. Log in to your member options page. (See Section 3.1 for instructions on how to do this.)
    2. Look for the section marked "Get password reminder email for this list?" and change the value accordingly.

    This can also be changed for multiple lists at the same time if you are subscribed to more than one list on the same domain. See Section 10.1 for information about changing settings globally.

    Using the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command set reminders on or set reminders off.

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

    2. Set it to "on" to receive reminders, and "off" to stop receiving reminders.

7 Changing mail delivery

ubsections

  • 7.1 How do I turn mail delivery on or off? (delivery option)

    You may wish to temporarily stop getting messages from the list without having to unsubscribe. If you disable mail delivery, you will no longer receive messages, but will still be a subscriber and will retain your password and other settings.

    This can be handy in a many different cases. For example, you could be going on vacation or need a break from the list because you're too busy to read any extra mail. Many mailing lists also allow only subscribers to post to the list, so if you commonly send mail from more than one address (eg, one address for at home and another for when you're travelling), you may want to have more than one subscribed account, but have only one of them actually receive mail. You can also use this as a way to read private archives even on a list which may be too busy for you to have sent directly to your mailbox. All you need to do is subscribe, disable mail delivery, and use your password and email to log in to the archives.

    To disable/enable mail delivery using the web interface:

    1. Log in to your options page. (See Section 3.1 for instructions.)
    2. Go down to the section marked "Mail delivery" and select "Disabled" to stop receiving mail, and "Enabled" to start receiving mail.

    This can also be changed for multiple lists at the same time if you are subscribed to more than one list on the same domain. See Section 10.1 for information about changing settings globally.

    To disable/enable mail delivery using the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command set delivery off or set delivery on.

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

    2. Set it to "off" to stop receiving posts, and "on" to start receiving them again.

  • 7.1 How do I turn mail delivery on or off? (delivery option)

    You may wish to temporarily stop getting messages from the list without having to unsubscribe. If you disable mail delivery, you will no longer receive messages, but will still be a subscriber and will retain your password and other settings.

    This can be handy in a many different cases. For example, you could be going on vacation or need a break from the list because you're too busy to read any extra mail. Many mailing lists also allow only subscribers to post to the list, so if you commonly send mail from more than one address (eg, one address for at home and another for when you're travelling), you may want to have more than one subscribed account, but have only one of them actually receive mail. You can also use this as a way to read private archives even on a list which may be too busy for you to have sent directly to your mailbox. All you need to do is subscribe, disable mail delivery, and use your password and email to log in to the archives.

    To disable/enable mail delivery using the web interface:

    1. Log in to your options page. (See Section 3.1 for instructions.)
    2. Go down to the section marked "Mail delivery" and select "Disabled" to stop receiving mail, and "Enabled" to start receiving mail.

    This can also be changed for multiple lists at the same time if you are subscribed to more than one list on the same domain. See Section 10.1 for information about changing settings globally.

    To disable/enable mail delivery using the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command set delivery off or set delivery on.

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

    2. Set it to "off" to stop receiving posts, and "on" to start receiving them again.

  • 7.3 How do I change my subscription address?

    To change your subscription address,

    1. Log in to your member options page. (See Section 3.1 for more details on how to do this.)
    2. In the section marked "Changing your LISTNAME membership information," enter your new address.
    3. If you wish to change your address for all subscriptions using the old address, select the "Change globally" box. If you have subscriptions under another address or for lists on a different domain, these will have to be done separately. See Section 10.1 for more information about changing settings globally.

    There is no special way to do this from the email interface, but you can subscribe and unsubscribe for more or less the same effect. (See Sections 5.1 and 5.2 for more information on subscribing and unsubscribing.)

  • 7.4 How do I stop or start getting copies of my own posts? (myposts option)

    By default in Mailman, you get a copy of every post you send to the list. Some people like this since it lets them know when the post has gone through and means they have a copy of their own words with the rest of a discussion, but others don't want to bother downloading copies of their own posts.

    Note: This option has no effect if you are receiving digests.

    You may also want to see Section 7.5, which discusses acknowledgement emails for posts sent to the list.

    To set this using the web interface:

    1. Log in to your member options page. (See Section 3.1 for more details on how to do this.)
    2. Look for the section marked "Receive your own posts to the list?" Set it to "Yes" to receive copies of your own posts, and "No" to avoid receiving them.

    To set this using the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command set myposts on or set myposts off.

      Commands can appear in either the body or the subject of the message. (See Section 3.2 for more information about sending mail commands.)

    2. Set it to "on" to receive copies of your own posts, and "off" to avoid receiving them.

  • 7.5 How can I get Mailman to tell me when my post has been received by the list? (ack option)

    On most lists, you will simply receive a copy of your mail when it has gone through the list software, but if this is disabled (See Section 7.4), your list mail delivery is disabled (See Section 7.1), you are not subscribed to that topic (See Section 9.2) or you simply want an extra acknowledgement from the system, this option may be useful to you.

    Note: If you are not subscribed to the list, this option cannot be used. You must either check the archives yourself (if the list has public archives), ask someone who is subscribed to the list, or subscribe to use this option.

    To set this using the web interface:

    1. Log in to your member options page. (See Section 3.1 for more details on how to do this.)
    2. Look for the section marked "Receive acknowledgement mail when you send mail to the list?" Set it to "Yes" to receive a mail letting you know your post has been received, and "No" to avoid receiving such an acknowledgement.

    To set this using the email interface:

    1. Send a mail to with the command set ack on or set ack off.